AbstractThisarticlesummarizesourapproachtothemanagementofchildrenandadultswithprimaryimmunethrombocytopenia(ITP)whodonotrespondto,cannottolerate,orareunwillingtoundergosplenectomy.WebeginwithacriticalreassessmentofthediagnosisandadeliberateattempttoexcludenonautoimmunecausesofthrombocytopeniaandsecondaryITP.Forpatientsinwhomthediagnosisisaffirmed,weconsiderobservationwithouttreatment.Observationisappropriateformostasymptomaticpatientswithaplateletcountof20to30×/Lorhigher.Weuseatieredapproachtotreatpatientswhorequiretherapytoincreasetheplateletcount.Tier1options(rituximab,thrombopoietinreceptoragonists,low-dosecorticosteroids)havearelativelyfavorabletherapeuticindex.WeexhaustallTier1optionsbeforeproceedingtoTier2,which







































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